What does 'data encryption' involve?

Data encryption involves converting information into a code to prevent unauthorized access. This process is crucial in securing sensitive information, as it ensures that only authorized users with the correct decryption key can access and understand the original data. Encryption transforms readable data, known as plaintext, into an unreadable format called ciphertext. This transformation protects the data from interception or unauthorized access during storage or transmission.

The other options describe different processes that are not related to encryption. For instance, compressing data for faster transmission focuses on reducing file size for efficient data transfer, while transferring data between databases refers to data migration or synchronization without implying any protection against unauthorized access. Lastly, organizing files based on metadata pertains to the structuring and categorization of information rather than securing it.

By understanding the specific function of data encryption, one can appreciate its vital role in safeguarding confidentiality, integrity, and security in the realm of information technology.